Univers Mac Interactif 45/Univers Mac Interactif - Issue 45.iso/Bureau Direct/Journaux/TidBITS#263⁄13-Feb-95.etx

Text File | 1995-02-14 | 30KB | 594 lines

TidBITS#263/13-Feb-95
=====================

Apple's lawyers are on the hunt again, this time with Intel and
   Microsoft in their sights, and the issue is purloined QuickTime
   code. Matt Neuburg checks in with an editorial about Hollywood's
   inability to get the facts of electronic life right in movie
   fiction; Geoff reviews Apprentice II, a CD-ROM of source code;
   Nigel Perry starts looking in depth at Nisus Writer. Finally, we
   take a look at the Communications Decency Act of 1995. Such fun.

This issue of TidBITS sponsored in part by:
* APS Technologies -- 800/443-4199 -- <[e-mail]>
   Makers of hard drives, tape drives, and neat SCSI accessories.
   For APS price lists, email: <[e-mail]>
* Northwest Nexus -- 206/455-3505 -- http://www.halcyon.com
   Providing access to the global Internet. <[e-mail]>
* PowerCity Online -- <[e-mail]> Email sales of
   40,000+ items for Mac/PC. Send email with Subject: Order Info
* Hayden Books, an imprint of Macmillan Computer Publishing
   Save 20% on all books via the Web -- http://www.mcp.com

Copyright 1990-1995 Adam & Tonya Engst. Details at end of issue.
   Information: <[e-mail]> Comments: <[e-mail]>
   ---------------------------------------------------------------

Topics:
    MailBITS/13-Feb-95
    Talking Into The Mouse: Hollywood And Computers
    Apple Sues Intel, Microsoft - Again
    Communications Decency Act of 1995
    Resourceful Apprentice
    Nisus Writer 4.0.6, Part 1: Text Processing
    Reviews/13-Feb-95

ftp://ftp.tidbits.com/pub/tidbits/issues/1995/TidBITS#263_13-Feb-95.etx


MailBITS/13-Feb-95
------------------

**Net Valentines** -- It's undoubtedly too late for people to use
  this Internet site to send a paper Valentine's Day card, since by
  the time you read this Valentine's Day should be in full swing or
  even over - at least in those parts of the world that celebrate
  the holiday. But, should you be storing up ideas for next year,
  check out Greet Street's Web page at the URL below, where you can
  buy greeting cards and even have them personalized and mailed for
  you. The prices seem pretty reasonable, assuming that you aren't
  the sort who's shocked at the cost of greeting cards to begin
  with.

http://www.greetst.com/

  Of course, plenty of other Valentine's Day-related sites have
  sprung up on the Internet, some just for a few days, and Yahoo has
  collected a nice set of pointers to the best ones. [ACE]

http://akebono.stanford.edu/yahoo/Society_and_Culture/Holidays/Valentine_s_Day/


**The Apple Multimedia Kit** (item M3153LL/A) includes a coupon
  for three free CD-ROM titles. Apparently some of the kits sold
  during the recent holiday season had a form with an incorrect
  expiration date of 31-Dec-94. In fact, the offer expires 31-Dec-
  95, and Apple will continue to honor all coupons redeemed until
  that time. Current kits have a coupon with the correct date. [MHA]


**QuickDraw GX** -- Those of you close enough to the bleeding edge
  to be using QuickDraw GX might enjoy this Easter egg, sent in by
  Charles Wiltgen <[e-mail]>. "Select a GX desktop printer,
  hold down Shift-Option-Command and choose Open from the File menu.
  It gives you a very cool, simple demo of GX's geometry
  capabilities." [TJE]


**Trying to reach** the digitalNation FirstClass server (see
  TidBITS-262_) via the Internet? Those not familiar with FirstClass
  may find some additional details helpful. Our article specified
  that you must use port 3004 on IP address <204.91.31.64> when
  trying to open a connection with the FirstClass Client software,
  but didn't go into further details. After you enter "204.91.31.64"
  (without the quotes) in the Server field and choose TCP-IP.FCP
  from the Connect Via pop-up menu, click the Setup button next to
  that pop-up menu, then click the triangle next to Advanced
  Settings to reveal extra options. Enter "3004" (without the
  quotes) in the TCP Port field, then click the Save button. You
  should also make certain that the userid you've selected is going
  to be unique: if you try to connect with a userid that happens to
  be in use, you won't be able to register as a new user. [MHA]


**A number of Mac programming wizards** (their names are on some
  of the most well-known Macintosh programs available) have banded
  together to form The Mac Group. The mission of The Mac Group is
  simple - if you are a large company that simply has to ship an
  important product or risk losing big bucks, The Mac Group will fly
  in, find the bugs, and fix them so you can ship your product.
  Their pricing falls into the "if you have to ask, you can't afford
  it" category, since they all still have programming day jobs that
  they put on hold to ride to your rescue. But in this high-stakes
  world of product deadlines, some hired guns might be just the
  ticket. The Mac Group -- <[e-mail]> -- 800-SYNC-WAIT [ACE]


Talking Into The Mouse: Hollywood And Computers
-----------------------------------------------
  by Matt Neuburg <[e-mail]>

  Movies arrive in tiny, faraway New Zealand well after they've
  opened elsewhere (if they arrive at all), so it was only the other
  day, and quite by chance, that I caught Disclosure - and was
  hopelessly confused, thanks to the filmmaker's ignorance of the
  Internet.

  The film's plot and details of action depend almost totally upon
  the current state of computer and networking technology, with such
  things as fast CD-ROM drives, CU-SeeMe conferencing, and virtual
  reality figuring heavily. Now, I can suspend disbelief as well as
  the next person, so it didn't bother me when a user controls a
  virtual reality program through a speech recognition technology
  beyond anything we see today. I also wasn't concerned when email
  was rendered without scroll bars, so all messages were necessarily
  very short - I could accept that as GUI poetic license. Besides,
  none of these things impinged upon the basic plot.

  Not so, however, the facts about how email is coded and sent. The
  film depends upon arousing our suspicions that Michael Douglas's
  office communications are being somehow sabotaged: he leaves a
  phone message that the recipient claims never to have received,
  his user privileges are reduced, and his disks are taken away. So
  when he starts receiving a series of _anonymous_ email messages to
  which he cannot reply because they contain no "From" header
  information, I naturally thought: "Wow, whoever's doing this to
  him is some serious hacker!"

  Wrong. It turns out later that the messages come via the Internet
  from outside by perfectly ordinary means. No explanation is
  offered for how the headers were suppressed - nor why, since
  Douglas eventually has no difficulty ascertaining their physical
  source through a Whois query. In the end, no hacking of any sort
  turns out to be involved; they're just ordinary Internet email
  messages.

  So, because the filmmaker apparently didn't know that you can't
  normally send Internet email without at least some form of "Reply-
  to" header information being attached, I was misled - meaning, not
  that I guessed the whodunit incorrectly, which would be fine, but
  that I misperceived the plot, the physical facts of what the movie
  was _intending_ to portray before my eyes.

  This keeps happening in films today: those based on Michael
  Crichton novels (of which this is one) seem particularly prone. We
  all remember being confused watching Jurassic Park when a
  QuickTime movie - complete with a controller at the bottom of the
  window and a "thumb" button moving slowly across it as the movie
  played - was treated by the actor as a live CU-SeeMe
  communication.

  I'm struck by these phenomena, not because they're errors, but
  because they're genuinely startling and confusing to users for
  whom cyberspace and a graphical interface are the common coin of
  everyday life. And there are many such users; email and QuickTime
  are not rarities. Hollywood filmmakers are accustomed to creating
  science fiction effects that conceive the future for us; but now,
  when the "future" is here, they're still treating it as fiction
  and haven't caught up with the facts. This leads to the
  paradoxical result that movies - for whose makers the technologies
  portrayed are exotic - are showing to audiences for whom those
  same technologies are mundane! The result is as mystifying as if
  Hollywood had decided to portray people driving cars, but, not
  actually having seen a car, they got the number of wheels wrong,
  or which side of the road you drive on.


Apple Sues Intel, Microsoft - Again
-----------------------------------
  by Geoff Duncan <[e-mail]>

  Surprise! Late last week, Apple named both Intel and Microsoft in
  a lawsuit claiming that the two companies used QuickTime for
  Windows code to boost the performance of onscreen video in their
  products. This follows a lawsuit Apple filed in December against
  The San Francisco Canyon Company, with whom Apple had contracted
  in 1992 to write code for the Windows version of QuickTime. Apple
  alleges that Canyon subsequently incorporated major portions of
  QuickTime code written for Apple into products written for Intel
  to enhance Microsoft's Video For Windows (VFW), and that some of
  these changes later found their way into Microsoft's latest
  shipping version of VFW (1.1d). Apple claims that attempts to
  address this issue directly with Microsoft and Intel resulted in
  the companies' belittling QuickTime's technology and refusing to
  seriously acknowledge the issue. Even Bill Gates himself was "not
  particularly helpful in resolving the situation," according to
  David Nagel, in charge of Apple's AppleSoft division. Apple is
  seeking damages and an order to stop distribution of the software.

  Microsoft said Friday in a press release that the low-level driver
  code is not used in currently shipping versions of Windows (nor is
  it planned to be included in Windows 95) and that they had every
  reason to believe they had all necessary rights to use the code
  they licensed from Intel. Moreover, Microsoft claims that they
  repeatedly requested information from Apple in order to resolve
  the issue, but that Apple neither gave Microsoft specific
  information nor provided evidence to demonstrate either its
  ownership or Microsoft's infringement. "We're disappointed that
  Apple chose to go to court rather than provide the information we
  sought," said Microsoft's Bill Neukom.

  Although the version of Video for Windows in question, 1.1d, does
  not ship with Windows itself, it is widely available through
  developer's kits, online services, and multimedia products from
  Microsoft and other companies. Microsoft says performance
  improvements in Video for Windows were implemented in version 1.1c
  and have nothing to do with the disputed code. In an interesting
  related move, the same day Apple named Microsoft and Intel in this
  lawsuit, Apple announced it will no longer charge third-party
  developers a fee for distributing QuickTime with their products.

  Information from:
    Apple propaganda
    Microsoft propaganda
    Pythaeus


Communications Decency Act of 1995
----------------------------------
  by Geoff Duncan <[e-mail]>

  In a move that's incited all manner of protest throughout the
  Internet community (and especially among Internet providers),
  Senator Jim Exon of Nebraska has introduced Senate bill 314,
  titled The Communications Decency Act of 1995. This bill would
  expand current FCC regulations on "obscene" and "indecent"
  telephony and telegraphy to cover any content carried by all forms
  of electronic communications networks. This would place
  significant criminal liability on telecommunications and network
  providers if their network was used in the transmission of any
  material deemed to be "obscene, lewd, lascivious, filthy, or
  indecent," as provided under the Communications Act of 1934.

http://www.eff.org/pub/EFF/Legislation/Bills_new/s314.bill
http://thomas.loc.gov/home/c104query.html

  Essentially, if enacted, this bill would compel Internet providers
  to restrict the activities of their users (for instance, by
  preventing them from using email, conferencing services, Usenet,
  FTP, and the like), or to monitor every private communication,
  file transmission, email message, news posting, etc., to ensure no
  activity for which they could be held liable was taking place.
  Penalties provided under this bill are up to two years in prison
  or $100,000 in fines. The text of S. 314 appears to be
  substantially identical to S. 1822 of the 103rd Congress, offered
  by Senator Exon last year and which failed with the Senate
  Telecommunications Reform bill. However, given the more
  conservative tone of the 104th Congress and legislators' growing
  unwillingness to oppose "morality" legislation of this nature, S.
  314's chances of eventual passage may be substantially better.

  Although it's not likely many people would favor legalizing email
  harassment (in the same way most people don't seem to think
  telephone harassment should be legal), S. 314 holds service
  providers liable for the "decency" of materials transferred
  through their networks. To draw a parallel, a real-world
  equivalent of this bill could mean holding the builder of a street
  liable for armed robbery because someone used that road to
  transport stolen goods from a crime scene. Under S. 314, the only
  exceptions to this bill would be government-decreed common
  carriers like telephone companies. Although U.S. legal standards
  of decency and obscenity have been matters of controversy since
  the nation's founding, there is concern amongst the online
  community that such legislation could suppress open discussion of
  often-controversial issues such as homosexuality, abortion,
  controlled substances, or abuse.

  According to the most recent edition of the Electronic Frontier
  Foundation's EFFector Online, Senator Exon and his staff may not
  have been aware that the text of their bill had such broad
  potential for criminalization and a rewrite is apparently being
  considered. Senator Exon seems to have been motivated to introduce
  this bill in response to incidents of "Internet stalking" and
  email harassment, such as a current case involving a University of
  Michigan student posting a fictional story of rape and sexual
  torture.

http://www.eff.org/pub/EFF/Newsletters/EFFector/effect08.01

  Contact information for the Senate Commerce Committee and Senator
  Exon can be found on a variety of sites around the net; a pointer
  to CapWeb is included below. Discussion of S. 314 can be found on
  the newsgroups <comp.org.eff.talk> and <comp.org.cpsr.talk>.

http://policy.net/capweb/Senate/SenateCom/COM.html

  Information from:
    EFFector Online, 10-Feb-95
    Electronic Messaging Association
    Pythaeus


Resourceful Apprentice
----------------------
  by Geoff Duncan <[e-mail]>

  Celestin Company recently released the second edition of its
  Apprentice CD-ROM, a compilation of source code, tools, and
  technical information for Mac programmers. This new version
  updates materials released on the first edition of the CD-ROM (see
  TidBITS-228_) and adds new information, code, and tools.

  The Apprentice CD-ROM consists mainly of free and shareware code
  and development resources that are available from a variety of
  sources. And that's the CD-ROM's main strength: although most of
  this material is available elsewhere, the sheer task of locating
  and assembling it would take forever. Having it all in one place
  and well-organized (and searchable!) is a big asset to both
  fledgling and experienced Mac programmers. Apprentice comes with
  pre-compiled indices for Easy View, FileMaker, and On Location
  which make searching the CD-ROM's 600+ megabytes a breeze.

  Although there may not be code here for _everything_ one could
  wish, the breadth and depth of the project is surprising.
  Apprentice contains code, frameworks, and libraries for a wide
  variety of tasks: anti-aliased text, Photoshop plug-ins, sprites
  and GWorlds, custom controls, window and dialog handling... that's
  just a start. It also offers source from various versions of
  applications and games, including Eudora, Disinfectant, Glider,
  and OutOfPhase. There are more than 15,000 items of examples,
  source, and associated files (most in C, C++, and Pascal), a
  number of libraries and routines for MPW, Symantec, and
  CodeWarrior, plus full-fledged implementations of C, Forth, Perl,
  Lisp, Prolog and other programming languages. As one measure of
  the CD's breadth, I found the original source code for a program
  called Rae, ported to the Mac back in 1986 by Steve Hawley (a
  fellow Oberlin graduate who now works for Adobe) - Rae drops and
  accumulates smiley faces at the bottom of your screen. With about
  10 minutes of tweaking, I managed to make it run again. I'm sure
  Steve would be pleased, or shocked... or both.

  Lest you think Apprentice might only be useful for certifiable
  wireheads, the disk contains a ton of material to help people get
  started with programming, including resources for HyperCard,
  debugging tools and demos, application frameworks, beginners
  materials and working examples, digest archives (including the
  <comp.sys.mac.programmer> newsgroup and the Mac Scripting list),
  FAQs and info files on common topics and languages, plus specs on
  common data formats and protocols. All in all, if you've ever had
  an urge to crack open the Toolbox, the Apprentice CD is a good and
  inexpensive place to start. If you've already taken the plunge,
  Apprentice can save you hours in download time alone, not to
  mention the time you'd waste hunting for that certain special code
  snippet. Apprentice's indexes contain URLs to original source
  material wherever possible, so looking for updates or additional
  materials is easy. If Celestin Company continues to regularly
  update the disk, Apprentice will remain an excellent resource for
  some time to come.

  Apprentice is available for $35 ($25 for registered owners of the
  first version of Apprentice). Information and an order form are
  online at:

http://www.teleport.com/~cci/products/apprentice/apprentice.html

    Celestin Company -- 360/385-3767 -- 360/385-3586 (fax) --
      <[e-mail]>


Nisus Writer 4.0.6, Part 1: Text Processing
-------------------------------------------
  by Nigel Perry <[e-mail]>

  [Welcome to our Nisus Writer review! Because the review is
  somewhat lengthy, we plan to run it in three parts: text
  processing, word and document processing, and multimedia. So, this
  week, keep reading to find out about Nisus Writer's text
  processing features, and stay tuned for next week's installment
  about word processing features. -Tonya]

  Late last year, Nisus Software released Nisus Writer, the long-
  heralded update to Nisus. The last major release to Nisus was
  about four years ago, with an update (Nisus 3.4) in between (see
  TidBITS-168_). Updates to Nisus were promised, with Nisus Software
  even advertising "Nisus XS," but nothing appeared. Nisus Writer
  was released last October with a maintenance update coming out
  just in time for Christmas (see the URL below for the update and a
  demo). Nisus has always been a product with a loyal following, and
  its users - admittedly with growing impatience - eagerly awaited
  the update.

ftp://ftp.nisus-soft.com/pub/nisus/

  Nisus Writer wasn't made from the same mold as other word
  processors. To understand it, you must understand that Nisus
  Writer combines a text processor, a word processor, and a
  smattering of multimedia tools. I will address each area in turn,
  and try to share the flavour of Nisus Writer and how it differs
  from Nisus. In the rest of this review "Nisus" means both Nisus
  and Nisus Writer; "Nisus Writer" means only Nisus Writer.

  Nisus Writer, at 1.9 MB in size and with a 3 MB RAM allocation, is
  bigger than Nisus's more svelte 513K on disk and suggested RAM
  allocation of 1 MB. Much of the size increase comes from the lack
  of compression: previous versions of Nisus used the AutoDoubler
  Internal Compressor (as did the first release of Nisus Writer -
  updates are no longer internally compressed). File saving time
  also seems to have increased, so if you have the regular backups
  preference set, you get disconcerting pauses at the interval
  you've specified once your file grows past about 30 pages. One
  feature which speeds up Nisus is that it keeps documents in RAM,
  but this is also one of its disadvantages if you wish to work on
  long documents that are larger than Nisus's available memory,
  since there is no way to chain smaller documents into a longer
  one. Based on unscientific measurements, Nisus feels faster than
  Word 5.1, Nisus Writer a bit slower.


**Text Processing:** -- Nisus Writer comes from the same company
  that produces QUED/M, a highly regarded macro-programmable editor
  for programmers. Given this heritage, Nisus has superb text
  processing capabilities. Nisus offers keyboard and mouse commands
  for moving the cursor, selecting text, and extending a selection
  forward or backward by character, word, line, sentence, paragraph,
  screen, or document. Nisus provides a unique discontiguous
  selection feature along with a slightly more common rectangular
  selection.

  For Cut and Paste operations Nisus offers ten clipboards and such
  unusual but useful operations as "append to clipboard" and "swap
  selection with clipboard."

  Nisus Writer adds little to the text processing facilities of
  Nisus, but that is because these features were already so
  comprehensive! The editing window has had minor 3D-style interface
  improvements and some of the menus have been reorganised - this
  might make the program a little easier to use but adds little
  additional functionality.


**WorldScript** -- Nisus is a WorldScript I and II compatible
  editor and handles right-to-left and multi-byte languages with
  ease. It supports European, Scandinavian, and Japanese languages
  with the appropriate Language Module and/or Apple software. Users
  can also purchase a Language Key and extend Nisus to support
  Arabic, Cyrillic, Eastern European, Farsi, Hebrew, and Chinese.
  The Language Key, also known as a dongle, must be plugged into
  your Mac's ADB port. This feature was universally loathed by Nisus
  users, but Nisus Software has kept it in order to avoid piracy and
  to satisfy contracts with overseas partners who required the
  dongle in exchange for technical and marketing assistance. [See
  TidBITS-170_ for a fleshed out discussion of this complex issue
  -Tonya].

  In mixed left-to-right and right-to-left text, Nisus handles
  selections correctly. The Find/Replace command handles
  multilingual text both through its support for fonts and special
  PowerFind wildcards that match character sets in the languages.
  Nisus also supports glossing. [As one example, people use glossing
  to place Hiragana or Katakana pronunciations above Kanji
  characters. -Tonya]


**Finding and Replacing** -- Nisus provides an unparalleled
  Find/Replace feature, offering three levels of complexity: Normal
  (just text), PowerFind (a simple, icon-based GREP), and PowerFind
  Pro (full GREP). You can also find and replace using character
  formats and styles. So, for example, if you want to find text in
  10-point italic Geneva and change it to 14-point bold Helvetica,
  Nisus easily handles the job. Another example of the flexibility
  of the Find/Replace command: consider the task of finding all
  dollar amounts in a file, such as $45, and placing them in
  brackets together with "NZ" (after all, this review comes from New
  Zealand!), so $45 would become [NZ$45]. In PowerFind, the Replace
  operation could be written as:

  Find: $(Digit)(1+) Replace with: [NZ(Found)]

  (Note that in PowerFind, "(Digit)", "(1+)", and "(Found)" would
  appear as icons.)

  Nisus Writer adds a "sounds like" (or "fuzzy") find feature which
  is useful if you're not sure of how a word is "spelt."

  Nisus provides multiple levels of undo and redo, up to 32,767
  steps with a default of 300! If you perform a complex Replace
  operation and end up with a mess, just undo it.

  Nisus allows you to open multiple files at once, limited only by
  memory. This is a real limit as Nisus is a memory-based editor and
  cannot edit files larger than will fit into memory. This is an
  area Nisus Writer could have improved upon but did not. On the
  plus side, the Find/Replace command can search multiple files,
  whether open or closed, which makes handling groups of files
  easier. [Of course, if you can give Nisus a lot of memory, as I do
  when I wish to perform multiple searches through 30 or 40 large
  files of the chapters of my books, being RAM-based means that
  Nisus can handle all the files quickly and easily, unlike in other
  word processors. -Adam]


**Macros** -- Nisus supports a macro programming language which is
  a curious mix of two dialects: the menu dialect and the
  programming dialect. Macros (either coded or recorded) help you
  easily accomplish extremely complex operations, especially with
  the help of PowerFind statements. For more sophisticated
  programming concepts like loops, you will end up typing code in
  the programming dialect, which is not as easy as it could be. The
  combination of the two dialects is peculiar, with a strange mix of
  menu command equivalents and programming language features such as
  arrays and stacks - some of the language also attempts to appear
  object-oriented. That said, the macros are powerful and, once
  learned, a useful tool, even if the phrase "great hack" comes to
  mind when studying them!

  Macros could do with improvement: they execute onscreen, so while
  a macro runs dialog boxes may flash up and have text "typed" into
  them, and menus will flash away. Macro speed is often a problem,
  but even though macros can take a long time, doing the same job by
  hand would typically take far longer.

  [The folks at Nisus Software point out that they believe they've
  cut down on the amount of onscreen macro executing for the Nisus
  Writer 4.0 release, thus somewhat addressing this concern and
  speeding up macro execution times. -Tonya]

  Two sought-after features - multiple open macro files and
  AppleScript compatibility - have not arrived with the upgrade. The
  lack of AppleScript is a major blow to scripters, though Nisus
  Writer does support Frontier (the runtime-only version of which is
  supplied). Using Frontier, it is possible for Nisus Writer macros
  to control other applications, but Nisus Writer itself cannot be
  controlled. The manual covers Frontier in just two pages, with no
  details of the UserTalk language - so writing Frontier scripts is
  not easy.


**Text Processing Conclusion** -- Nisus Writer runs slower than
  Nisus on some operations, particularly Find/Replace on long
  documents has become much slower. Fortunately, in a few low-key
  tests that I ran on a beta copy of the next release of Nisus
  Writer (version 4.0.7), the Find and Replace feature ran 33
  percent faster on average, although this is still 50 percent
  slower than the average speed of Nisus 3.4L. These times could
  easily improve before shipping.

  Among Macintosh word processors, Nisus Writer is unparalleled for
  text and multi-lingual processing. In fact, if you need to handle
  multi-lingual text then Nisus might be the only real choice,
  depending on the languages you need.

    Nisus Software -- 616/481-1477 -- 619/481-6154 (fax) --
      <[e-mail]> -- <[e-mail]>

  [For people wanting more opinions and resources related to Nisus,
  check out the Nisus Writer page on World of Words. -Tonya]

http://king.tidbits.com/tonya/WOW/NW/NWMain.html


Reviews/13-Feb-95
-----------------

* MacWEEK -- 06-Feb-95, Vol. 9, #5
    Macromedia FreeHand 5.0 -- pg. 1
    TribeLink8 -- pg. 30
    Xres 1.0 -- pg. 30
    Lexmark Optra Rx -- pg. 32


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